SealBoss News / Blog

Swimming Pool Soil Settlement

Soil Settlement effecting Swimming Pools – Overview:

Insight, Management, and Prevention

Swimming pools represent more than just a body of water; they are a symbol of luxury, a hub for family gatherings, a resource for physical fitness, and a sanctuary for relaxation. However, the sanctity and utility of this valuable asset can be jeopardized by soil settlement, a phenomenon leading to structural instability and potentially severe damage.

In this overview, we look at what leads to soil settlement near swimming pools and propose a noteworthy solution: the SealBoss Polyurethane Polymer Injection System.

For Information on Pool Crack Repair click here

Understanding Soil Composition and Settlement

Soil, an intricate composite of organic matter, minerals, gases, and liquids, showcases variations in characteristics such as density and stability. Soil settlement refers to the downward movement of the soil surface, triggered by alterations in the layers beneath. Several factors contribute to this process:

Moisture Content: Excessive water can oversaturate the soil, diminishing its strength and compaction, which can be a result of heavy rainfall or inadequate drainage.
Soil Types: Different soil types possess varying load-bearing capacities. Loose or sandy soils, under the burden of a swimming pool, can shift and settle over time.
Inadequate Compaction: If the soil wasn’t adequately compacted during pool construction, it might settle over time, leading to depressions or gaps around the pool. Proper compaction is crucial during construction to prevent future settling issues, a step that some pool installers neglect, leading to inevitable settlement.
Pool Leaks: Persistent water seepage from leaking pipes can erode the soil, leading to sinkholes in severe cases. Thus, prompt addressing of water leaks is essential.
Insufficient Footings: Proper footings are necessary for supporting the pool deck’s load. Insufficient footings can lead to settlement issues.
Improper Drainage: If the pool is installed lower than the surrounding land, proper drainage is crucial. Water accumulation can undermine the foundation and trigger settling issues.

Ramifications of Soil Settlement around Swimming Pools

The implications of swimming pool soil settlement are substantial and diverse:

Structural Damage: The foremost concern with soil settlement is the potential for grave structural damage. Uneven ground can cause the pool to shift, crack, or in extreme cases, collapse.
Aesthetic Implications: Soil settlement can create unattractive gaps or depressions around the pool, which can accumulate water, further escalating soil erosion.
Safety Risks: Uneven surfaces and gaps around the pool can be tripping hazards, posing a significant risk to children and older individuals.
Concrete Slabs and Pavers Settling: Soil issues can lead to settling concrete slabs and pavers around the pool deck. The necessary stabilization method will depend on the pavers’ base material.

The SealBoss Polyurethane Foam Injection System

Addressing soil settlement around swimming pools demands swift and effective solutions. The SealBoss Polyurethane Foam Injection System offers several advantages:

Versatility: The system is compatible with a broad range of soil types and conditions, demonstrating its versatility in tackling soil settlement.
Non-disruptive: The SealBoss system is minimally invasive, eliminating the need for excavation or heavy machinery and preserving the pool area’s aesthetics during the remediation process.
Rapid Curing Time: The SealBoss polyurethane foam cures swiftly, reducing pool usage downtime considerably.
High Expansion Ratio: The foam boasts a high expansion ratio, enabling it to fill considerable voids, compact and consolidate soil, and provide lift in areas where necessary.
Durability: The SealBoss system ensures lasting stabilization, reducing the risk of future soil settlement.
Implementing the SealBoss System for Soil Settlement Management

Implementing the SealBoss Polyurethane Foam Injection System:

Assessment: An exhaustive assessment is carried out to determine the extent of soil settlement and pinpoint areas needing remediation.
Preparation: Injection points are strategically identified and prepared around the pool’s affected areas.
Injection: Specialized equipment injects the SealBoss polyurethane foam into the soil. The foam expands, filling voids and lifting the settled soil.
Observation and Adjustment: The process is closely monitored, with adjustments made as necessary to achieve optimal lift and stabilization.
Final Inspection and Clean-up: Post-injection, a final inspection ensures the desired outcome has been reached. The injection points are then sealed, and the area is cleaned up, restoring the aesthetics of the pool area.

Preventive Measures Using the SealBoss System

While the SealBoss Polyurethane Foam Injection System provides an effective remediation solution, it can also serve a preventive role during pool installation:

Pre-construction Assessment: A thorough analysis of soil conditions can help predict potential settlement issues, considering the soil type, load-bearing capacity, and moisture content.
Soil Stabilization: The SealBoss system can stabilize the soil prior to pool installation, preventing soil settlement from the outset.
Ongoing Monitoring: Regular checks can identify potential settlement issues early, allowing for prompt remediation using the SealBoss system.

In conclusion, soil settlement around swimming pools is a common issue that can lead to structural damage and safety hazards if left unaddressed. Comprehending the contributing factors is vital for prevention and remediation.

The SealBoss Polyurethane Foam Injection System offers a significant solution, contributing to versatile and reliable settlement management. Its application spans from post-settlement remediation to preventive measures, demonstrating its comprehensive utility in preserving the longevity and safety of your swimming pool.

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Pressure Grouting

Pressure Grouting with Polyurethane Chemical Grouts and Injection Lances

Introduction:

Pressure grouting is an essential technique in construction and civil engineering, enhancing the strength and stability of various structures by stabilizing the subsoil. This method involves injecting grout into voids or cracks in concrete, soil, or rock to fill them and improve their load-bearing capacity. Among the many types of grouts available, polyurethane grouts, a.k.a. chemical grouts, stand out for their unique properties and versatility. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pressure grouting, focusing on the benefits and applications of polyurethane grouts, as well as the use of injection lances for optimal grout delivery.

What is Pressure Grouting?

Pressure injection grouting in geotechnical applications involves injecting grout under pressure into strata of soil to strengthen the soil by compaction, adhesion and by filling voids, cavities, and fissures. This technique is commonly used for:

Foundation Stabilization: Strengthening the foundations of buildings and other structures
Soil Stabilization: Enhancing the load-bearing capacity of soil
Leakage and Erosion Control: Sealing leaks in soils and structures such as earthen dams
Void Filling: Filling cavities or voids in rocks or soil

The success of pressure grouting depends on the type of grout used, the injection pressure, and the specific site conditions.

PU Grout Systems for Pressure Grouting Applications

Chemical Grouts

Chemical grouts are fluid materials that transform into a solid or gel state after injection, providing exceptional sealing and strengthening properties. Key features of polyurethane grouts include:

Versatility: Chemical grouts can be customized for various conditions, making them ideal for a wide range of applications
Penetration: Due to their low viscosity, chemical grouts can penetrate fine cracks and pores that other grouts might not reach
Rapid Setting: These grouts can set quickly, which is beneficial for time-sensitive applications
Longevity: Once set, chemical grouts offer long-lasting stability and resistance to environmental factors

Applications of Polyurethane Grouts

Permeation Grouting: Used to improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of soils by filling the voids and pores within the soil matrix
Foundation Underpinning: Supports and stabilizes existing foundations by filling voids and compacting loose soil
Leak Sealing: Effective in sealing leaks in soil, such as around underground structures and pipelines
Void Filling: Quickly fills voids in soil, preventing settlement and ensuring stability

Injection Lances for Optimal Grout Delivery

Permeation Grouting Injection Pipes, also known as Grout Injection Lances or Soil Lances, are designed to transport polyurethane grout deep into various soil types. At SealBoss, our injection lances come in distinct versions to provide the best possible grout delivery for different soil compositions.

Advantages of Injection Lances

Ease of Use: Ram injection lances penetrate soil without the need for large equipment, making them user-friendly and efficient
Depth Control: Injection lances can be combined to reach specified injection depths, ensuring precise delivery of grout
Controlled Flow: The lack of a peripheral gap after installation permits controlled flow of injection grouts, enhancing effectiveness

Applications of Injection Lances

Lower Depth Applications: Ideal for penetrable soils at lower depths
Permeation Grouting: Effective for improving soil stability by ensuring even distribution of grout
Soil Stabilization: Enhances the stability of loose or sandy soils
Foundation Underpinning: Supports and stabilizes foundations by injecting grout at specific depths
Grout Curtain Injection: Creates barriers to control water flow in soil
Lifting Applications: Useful for lifting and stabilizing slabs and foundations
Industrial Foundation Stabilization: Stabilizes industrial machine foundations and slabs.

Choosing the Right Polyurethane Grout and Injection Method for Your Project

Selecting the appropriate polyurethane grout and injection method for your pressure grouting project depends on several factors, including the nature of the soil, the specific requirements of the project, and the environmental conditions. Using injection lances can enhance grout delivery, particularly in soil stabilization and permeation grouting applications.

Conclusion

Pressure grouting with polyurethane grouts, combined with the use of injection lances, offers a versatile and effective solution for soil stabilization and other related challenges. By understanding the unique properties and applications of polyurethane grouts and the advantages of injection lances, engineers and contractors can make informed decisions to ensure the stability and longevity of their projects.

At SealBoss, we provide high-quality grouting solutions and equipment tailored to meet the diverse needs of our clients. Whether you are dealing with foundation issues, soil stabilization, or leak sealing, our range of polyurethane grouts and injection lances can help you achieve optimal results.

For more information on our products and services contact our expert team today!

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Polymer Soil Stabilization

A Modern Solution to Age-Old Challenges

The world of civil engineering is no stranger to the trials posed by unstable soils. From erosion and improper compaction to the effects of freeze-thaw cycles and the decomposition of organic materials, these factors can seriously compromise the structural integrity of any project. The result? Soils that shift and refuse to stay anchored, posing significant risks to structures and their foundations. For geotechnical engineers, the challenge has always been to find innovative solutions that not only reinforce the ground but also restore its ability to bear loads effectively.

Polymer soil stabilization, a cutting-edge soil injection system turn the tables on unstable terrains. Soils that were loose and unmanageable are transformed into cohesive, fortified masses. How it works: Polymeric resins, with their unique properties, seep into porous soils, filling gaps and compacting even the most stubborn terrains. This not only halts the processes of subsidence and erosion but also prevents the migration of fine particles. SealBoss offers polymer soil stabilization solutions that meet the highest industry standards.

Polymer Soil Stabilization

A Modern Solution to Age-Old Challenges

Polymer soil stabilization, a cutting-edge soil injection system turn the tables on unstable terrains. Soils that were once loose and unmanageable are transformed into cohesive, fortified masses. How it works: Polymeric resins, with their unique properties, seep into porous soils, filling gaps and compacting even the most stubborn terrains. This not only halts the processes of subsidence and erosion but also prevents the migration of fine particles. SealBoss offers polymer soil stabilization solutions that meet the highest industry standards.

The Mechanics Behind Polymer Foam Stabilization:

Permeation and Matrix Formation: The polymers permeate through loose sediments, soils, and sands, binding them together into a cohesive matrix forming a solid structure.
Erosion Control and Water Displacement: By displacing water from areas affected by erosion, they prevent further deterioration of the soil.
Void Filling and Void Management: Polymers effectively fill spaces left by decomposed organic matter or resulting from inadequate soil compaction.
Strengthening and Adhesion: Their unique ability to adhere to soil particles ensures the creation of a fortified substrate.

Performance Highlights of Polymer Soil Stabilization:

Polymer soil and sand stabilization efficiently treats unstable soils and sands in-situ, eliminating the need for excavation. These polymers compact treat loose or unstable soils, enhancing their structural strength and offering long-term stabilization. By permeating loose sediments, displacing water from eroded areas, and filling voids, they create a fortified soil matrix that resists erosion and subsidence. Additionally, NSF/ANSI/CAN 61 certification of the specific polymer foam resins ensures safety for potable water contact, emphasizing both their efficacy and environmental commitment. Geotechnical Engineers, kindly reach out to our technical team for detailed specification guidance and assistance.

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Grout Injection Lances

Stainless Steel Grout Injection Needles

Stainless Steel Injection Needles

SealBoss Injection Needle for specialty grouting applications and product delivery into soil substrate, through small holes, Oakum Soakum Injection Technique and more. Suitable for PU, EP, Polyacrylate, and Silicate grouts.

Polymer Soil Stabilization

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Soil Stabilization in Cold Weather

Best Practices and Tips

Solid Ground, Even When It’s Cold Around: Expert Tips for Soil Stabilization in Cold Weather

As the cold season approaches and temperatures begin to plummet, the challenges of soil stabilization in cold weather become more pronounced.

However, with the right precautions and techniques, it is entirely possible to achieve effective soil stabilization even in low temperature conditions. In this article, we provide some essential tips and best practices for soil stabilization with SealBoss 1570 / 1570 during the colder months.

Avoid Working in Frozen Ground
The primary consideration when thinking about soil stabilization in cold weather is the state of the ground. If the water table is frozen, it is a clear indicator that the soil is too. Frozen soil lacks the permeability required for the effective penetration of polymer resin into the soil soil. Attempting stabilization on such ground would not only be ineffective but also a waste of valuable materials. In such scenarios, it is advisable to wait for more favorable conditions.

Condition Your Equipment and Materials for Soil Stabilization in Cold Weather
Cold weather can significantly affect the performance of your SealBoss soil stabilization materials and equipment. To ensure optimal results:

Store in a Heated Environment: Materials and equipment should be stored in a heated environment overnight. For instance, SealBoss Polyurethane Grout should always be maintained above 60 degrees. Cold materials tend to react slower and increase in viscosity.
Drums and Smaller Pails: Drum band heaters and heated drum mats are excellent tools to ensure your product remains at the optimal temperature during winter soil stabilization applications. However, always exercise caution to avoid overheating the polymers. For applicators working with smaller pails, it is advisable to keep both materials and equipment in a heated, insulated space until they are needed. Portable heaters can help sustain a warm atmosphere, ensuring the materials remain at optimal temperatures. Additionally, consider using electric pail heaters, which are specifically designed to keep resins at their ideal temperature for application.
Speeding Up Reaction Time: In situations where the material reacts too slowly, incorporating a higher percentage of SealBoss 15X Accelerator can effectively accelerate the reaction time.
Heated and Unheated Pumping Equipment: For those utilizing advanced heated equipment, it is common for the machinery to maintain a temperature that’s approximately 35-45 degrees above the ambient external temperature. Many of the more robust foam pumps come standard with built-in electric heaters. If your pump lacks this heating feature, investing in an electric radiator heater can be a wise choice.

Conclusion
Cold weather doesn’t have to halt your soil stabilization efforts. By ensuring the ground is not frozen and properly conditioning your materials and equipment, you can achieve successful soil stabilization even in cold conditions. If you have any queries or need further assistance, feel free to reach out to us at 714-662-4445.

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Soil Stabilization

Soil Stabilization with Polyurethane & Acrylate Grouts

Stabilizing Sandy Soils and Loose Soils with with Polyurethanes & Acrylates

Primarily Polyurethanes, but also acrylic polymers, have gained importance as soil stabilization products in sandy soils and loose soils of mixed composition.

When injected into the soil, low viscosity polyurethane grouts and supper low viscosity acrylates can improve the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, and erosion resistance of soil mixtures that contain variable ratios of sand, silt and clay.

Soil – Erosion and Soil Stabilization with Polyurethane Methods

Soil erosion, often caused by rainfall or other sources of water, is a common threat to engineering structures and landscapes.

Loose particles in predominantly sandy soils provide for low strength and cohesion with decreased resistance to erosion during rainfall or when in contact with any water source such as found along a shoreline.

Soil erosion leads to soil migration and loss of soil can lead to the settlement and cracking of structures and the development of sinkholes.

The erosion of loose and sandy soils can be compounded poor and insufficient soil compaction, affecting structures that are built on, and next to it. Soil erosion is a common threat to highways, roadways, railways, waste containment barriers, commercial buildings, as well as residential homes, driveways and pools.

As a counter measure to this type of erosion, injection of liquid agents such as polyurethanes and acrylates, can stabilize soils by utilizing their specific chemical and physical properties.

Chemical grouts permeate loose and sandy soils and act as a cohesive binding agent — providing structural stability by binding substances together — and locking soil particles in place. Once the grout cures, the injected soils turn into a solid mass with improved compressive strength, shear strength and, ultimately, improved erosion resistance and building foundation support strength. Chemical soil injection grouts can also be an option for areas, where push pile piers, helical piers, and driven sheet piles are not an option.

Advantages of Soil Stabilization with Polyurethane Grouts:

Provide high strength and durability to the soil
Resistant to water and chemical erosion
Improves load-bearing capacity of the soil
NSF/ANSI Drinking Water Contact products available
Can be used in a wide range of soil types and conditions, including clay, silt, sand, and gravel
Low viscosity and easy to inject into the soil
Quick curing time
Can be applied in any weather condition
Minimal disruption to the site during the application process
Cost-effective solution for soil stabilization and void filling
Polyurethane foam can be used in a variety of soil stabilization applications, including slope stabilization, foundation repair, and road construction.

Soil Stabilization Polyurethanes and Acrylates, Equipment, and Pumps

Polyurethane
SealBoss 1510 Polyurethane Injection Grout is a low viscosity permeation chemical grout for the stabilization of soils. SealBoss 1510 is a single component, moisture activated, hydrophobic polyurethane soil grout suitable for stabilizing loose and sandy soils and to remediate sinkholes. NSF/ANSI 61 Certified and Drinking Water Contact approved.
Acrylate
SealBoss 2400SLV Acrylate Injection Grout Gel is a super low viscosity, two component hydrophilic poly acrylate gel with accelerator. The product offers outstanding penetration properties similar to plain water.
Injection Lances
SealBosss Grout Injection Lances are spaced and driven to the required depths required by the application. SB Injection Lances are of modular design and can be assembled to the desired length at the jobsite.

Injection Needles
SealBoss Injection Needles may be used for more shallow injection and in confined spaces.
Injection Pumps
SealBoss offers a variety of Injection Pumps suitable for small and large soil stabilization jobs. Approximately 0.5 to 1.5 gallons of product are injected into the sandy soils for every foot of depth (5 to 15 liters per meter of depth).

Soil Stabilization Related Articles

Learn More
Please don’t hesitate to call us at 714-662-4445 with any questions, or request to be contacted here, we look forward to helping you find a solution. On-site support from knowledgeable and experienced technical reps is available upon request.

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Bulkhead Repair

Bulkhead Restoration | Erosion Control | Permeation Grouting

Introduction

Welcome to our exploration of Bulkhead Repair, where we’ll delve into the essential techniques for maintaining and restoring these critical shoreline structures. Bulkheads play a crucial role in coastal and waterfront protection, acting as barriers that prevent erosion and stabilize soil along beaches, lakes, and rivers. These structures not only protect adjacent properties but also help preserve the natural shoreline and infrastructure.

In this episode, we focus on the application of polyurethane foams—a versatile material widely used for bulkhead and seawall repairs. These foams offer several advantages: single-component foams are ideal for crack injections and permeation grouting, which anchor soils and slow erosion. Meanwhile, plural-component foams are excellent for filling voids, stabilizing concrete structures, and, under controlled conditions, even adjusting structural alignment. With their low viscosity, these foams penetrate deeply, bonding and reinforcing weak soils and damaged substrates to extend the life of bulkheads.

Whether you’re a contractor, engineer, or simply interested in learning more about infrastructure repair, this episode provides valuable insights into how modern techniques keep our coastal environments and waterfront properties protected against the forces of nature.

Unpacking Bulkhead Repair: A Deep Dive into the Use of Polyurethane Foams for Bulkhead Repair

Technical Podcast for the Infrastructure Repair Industry

Crafted specifically for marine and coastal environments, bulkheads are structures designed to strengthen soil conditions along the shores of beaches, lakes, and rivers. They not only maintain but also offer strategic protection to substrates from neighboring waters, ensuring the safety and longevity of adjacent structures. Beyond serving as mere protective barriers, bulkheads elevate the functionality of waterfront zones, ensuring a safe haven for both the buildings and the individuals who frequent the shoreline.

Join us for a captivating episode where we delve into the intricate world of bulkhead repair, focusing on the unique properties and application techniques of single and plural component polyurethane foams. Our guest, Jerald, a seasoned contractor with over three decades of experience, offers invaluable insights into the art and science of using these foams for long-lasting and efficient bulkhead restoration.

Episode Highlights:

Bulkhead Repair | Seawall Restoration | Permeation Grouting | Soil Erosion Control

The Dual Role of Polyurethane Foams

Jerald sheds light on the distinct and synergistic functions of single and plural component foams in bulkhead repair, emphasizing their specific application techniques.

Single-Component Foam: Ideal for water stop crack injections and substrate permeation grouting, single-component, accelerator adjusted, polyurethane foam sets the stage for comprehensive bulkhead leak sealing and soil stabilization. Master the technique of employing grout injection lances and needles to distribute the product effectively into the ground, anchoring sand and gravel — an essential measure for bulkhead stabilization and erosion prevention.
Plural Component / Two Component Structural Void Fill and Lift Foam: Renowned for its efficiency in filling voids and stabilizing concrete structures embedded in substrate with voids and gaps, this foam can penetrate, fill, and strengthen unsupported areas effectively. In the hands of a skilled contractor, the product can be used to adjust and correct the alignment of structural elements under specific conditions. However, due to its potent expansion capabilities, it’s crucial to exercise caution. The intense outward pressure it generates could inadvertently shift structures beyond the intended position.

About Slabjack Geotechnical

Established in 2011, Slabjack Geotechnical offers a comprehensive range of concrete services, including Slabjacking (concrete raising), pressure grouting, concrete crack, and joint sealing repair. They also specialize in leak seal applications in various structures. With operations in Spokane, Tri-cities, Wenatchee, and Puget Sound, they serve Commercial, Municipal, and Industrial sectors in Washington and Idaho.

With over 30 years of successful business ownership and a knack for problem-solving, Jerald is a cornerstone of the Seattle-area Slabjack company. His expertise in Slabjacking and geotechnical projects is sought after across the USA and Canada.

A big thank you to Jerald for gracing our technical podcast and sharing his vast knowledge with our listeners!

A Conversation Between Two Industry Professionals
Our guest today
Jerald Sargent, Slabjack Geotechnical, Washington
Your host: Chris Coderre, SealBoss Corp.

Seawall Repair Methods – A Comprehensive Guide

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Seawall

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Soil Consolidation Waterproofing Injection

Soil Consolidation & Waterproofing Injection

Soil Consolidation and Waterproofing Injection with Polyurethane Grout

Soil consolidation is a process often employed for soil injection treatment in mining and tunneling projects, but its applications extend beyond these large-scale soil treatment scenarios. One method for achieving soil consolidation, stabilization, and waterproofing involves the use of injectable polyurethane grouts.

Polyurethane grout injection is particularly useful in cases where water migration must be halted and soil shifting needs to be prevented. In this specific jobsite application, we demonstrate the process of using SB FlexGel, a hydrophilic polyurethane injection gel, along with steel injection needles to halt water ingress into a structure through pipe penetrations.

In this specific jobsite application, we demonstrate the process of using SB FlexGel, a hydrophilic polyurethane injection gel, along with steel injection needles to halt water ingress into a structure through pipe penetrations.

Upon injection, FlexGel is a low-viscosity liquid, allowing it to easily migrate through voids, fissures, and cavities in rock structures and loose ground. As it cures, it forms an impermeable bond that consolidates the soil, stabilizes the ground, and creates a watertight seal between the pipe, soil, and structure — This dual function addresses both the soil consolidation and waterproofing aspects of the repair.

As another option, hydrophobic polyurethane grouts and foam grouts can also be employed for this type of application, offering alternative solutions depending on the specific conditions and requirements of the project. These materials can effectively seal off leaks and reinforce the surrounding structure, ensuring long-lasting protection against water infiltration.

Polyurethane injection resins are known for their strong adhesion to rock and soil particulates, and they remain firm and rigid after the expansion process is complete. These properties make polyurethane-based injection products ideal for a wide range of soil waterproofing, consolidation, and stabilization needs.

In this application, Steel Injection Needles are used to deliver the polyurethane grout into the soil at predetermined depths. These needles serve a similar purpose to the more complex and sophisticated Grout Injection Lances often used in large-scale projects. By employing this technique, structures can be protected from water ingress, soil can be stabilized, and long-term durability can be ensured.

Polyurethane Gel Injection for Sealing Pipe Penetration Leaks at a Nebraska Natural Gas Plant

A natural gas plant in Nebraska, responsible for pumping methane gas, experienced persistent water intrusion through multiple pipe penetrations. Previous attempts to patch these leaks from the inside of the structure (negative side) proved unsuccessful. Additionally, water infiltration was observed at the floor-to-wall cold joint.

Soil Consolidation Repair Procedure

Given the easy exterior access to the affected areas, the proposed solution involved soil consolidation and waterproofing injection around the gas pipe from the outside of the structure.

This technique employed SealBoss FlexGel and steel injection needles or lances. It aimed to create a comprehensive solution by waterproofing the soil surrounding the pipe and sealing any water-bearing voids, cracks, and fissures within and around the structure where the pipe penetration occurred. The injection pressure facilitated a secure seal between the pipe and any annular gap between the pipe and the surrounding concrete.

Performing the repair from the exterior minimized further structural damage to the concrete, as it eliminated the need for drilling additional holes and grid patterns.

These steps are typically required when executing soil and curtain injections from the negative side (inside) of a structure.

SealBoss FlexGel LV is a NSF-certified, low-viscosity, single-component hydrophilic polyurethane gel injection rubber and chemical injection grout. It boasts excellent penetration properties, superior strength, and durability. FlexGel was selected for its low viscosity and slower gel time, which allows the resin to infiltrate the substrate and consolidate and waterproof the soil behind the structure and the area surrounding the gas pipe penetrations.

Although FlexGel can be diluted with up to a 10:1 water-to-resin ratio, it was injected “neat” (undiluted) for this application. Using FlexGel neat is a common and approved practice for smaller-scale projects, as it circumvents the need for complex and costly multi-component injection equipment. Instead, simple single-component injection pumps can be used.

The pipe penetrations were identified on the negative side, marked on the structure’s exterior, and used to determine the injection plan based on the penetration spacing. Large pipe penetrations required a minimum of three injection points for full coverage. For pipes up to 6 inches in diameter, one lance was driven directly above the pipe down to a predetermined depth, based on the location of the penetration.

Steel injection needles or lances were installed using a hammer drill and driven to the desired depth. After positioning the lance, the bolt used to drive it was removed, and the applicator with a valve was installed.

For enhanced control of the injection needle/lance, the contractor fastened two vice grip pliers to the top. This enabled them to easily raise and lower the lances to the desired position.

The SealBoss P2002 high-pressure injection pump was utilized to pump the material through the lances. The quantity of material used per lance was measured using the graduated hopper on the pump.

Each penetration was injected until material refusal was evident, either around the penetration or along the cold joint on the floor.

As the FlexGel reacted and expanded, it displaced air and water, causing bubbles to rise from the negative side of the structure. Throughout the injection process, the FlexGel polymer permeated the wall completely and cured. This demonstrated the effectiveness of the repair technique in sealing the pipe penetrations and mitigating water intrusion.

Quality Control

For leak detection and quality control purposes, the injection areas were flooded and saturated with water both before and after the injection repair. This was done to locate and confirm all leaks prior to the injection and to verify the successful sealing of the affected areas post-injection.

Should you have any questions about this soil consolidation waterproofing injection project or the materials used, please do not hesitate to contact us. We are here to assist in any way possible. Always remember to work safely by wearing eye protection and gloves when handling chemicals. We hope you found our review of the project outlined above informative and invite you to explore our website for a comprehensive range of waterproofing solutions for concrete structures.

Jobsite: Northern Natural Gas, Nebraska
Scope: Soil Consolidation Waterproofing Injection – Seal Pipe Penetrations
Materials Used: FlexGel
Additional Tools: Steel Injection Needle Lances, P2002 Injection Pump, Hammer Drill, Generator, PPEG

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What Causes Unstable Soil? | Slab Lifting – Polyjacking – Permeation Grouting

What Causes Unstable Soil?
Permeation Grouting - Filling - Polyjacking

Unstable soil encompasses earth materials susceptible to shifting, moving, or shrinking due to their composition or environmental and human-induced conditions. Its inherent instability can pose a serious threat to the stability, security, and integrity of infrastructures, leading to the potential damage or degradation of structures such as buildings, bridges, and roads.

Unstable soil may not remain in place without extra treatment, support or shoring. Understanding the root causes of unstable soil is integral in combating its negative impacts. Here are the four primary factors contributing to soil instability:

Poor Soil Compaction

Poor soil compaction is a well known cause of unstable soil and often results in structural damages and sinking structures. Poor soil compaction can be attributed to various factors, primarily centered around soil texture and properties. Certain soils are more susceptible to compaction due to factors like high clay content, excess salt, low pH, and high water content. Construction choices also play a role; improper selection of compaction equipment and materials by contractors can lead to subpar compaction. Certain areas, like soil adjacent to foundations, are more prone to poor compaction as well.

Depending on soil composition and density, permeation grouting and polyjacking may provide solutions to these problems.

Soil Erosion

Erosion is a geological process involving the movement of the earth’s crust due to factors like water flow, wind, and human actions. Erosion, whether caused by wind, water, temperature changes, or human activities, is a process that removes soil or rock from one location and transports it to another. This constant displacement destabilizes the soil, causing undesirable consequences such as landslides, sinkholes, and damaged structures.

For construction projects and any existing structures, unstable soil due to erosion can jeopardize investments and endanger buildings.

Freeze/Thaw Cycles

Freezing and thawing can change the physical structure of soil and lead to increased erosion. The expansion of frozen water trapped in the substrate opens fissures in the soil and rocks to the extend of breaking up even solid structures. Freeze and thaw events create expansion and contraction cycles in the soil and minerals which lead to a continued break down and potential loss of integrity.

Particularly on fine-grained soils prone to freezing and thawing, issues arise due to soil instability. Thawing frost and permafrost, soil with frozen water particles, softens and reduces soil compactness, leading to structural sinking. This poses significant challenges for building and infrastructure development.

Organic Decomposition

Soils containing a high concentration of organic materials are subject to decomposing through chemical processes and microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, archaea and protists. As organic materials break down, they lose mass and cohesion, which weakens the soil’s overall integrity. The spaces left by decomposed materials can cause the soil to become more porous, reducing its ability to support weight and withstand external pressures. This increased porosity can also lead to changes in water drainage patterns, potentially causing uneven settling and erosion.

The rapid soil transformation and eventual loss of a high percentage of the organic material during decomposition can cause soil volumes to shrink, contributing to instability. In summary, decomposition disrupts the soil’s structure, cohesion, and load-bearing capacity, making it more prone to shifts, settling, and erosion, which collectively contribute to soil instability.

Unstable Soil Solutions

Soil stability is a critical aspect of construction and infrastructure projects. Unstable soil can cause significant damage to structures, such as foundation and wall cracking, and can even lead to collapse.

The SealBoss Void Filling, Polyjacking and Permeation Grouting System may help mitigate these causes of unstable soil.

Soil stability can be restored to soil with adequate polyurethane resin and foam products and structures can be supported and in some circumstances raised.

At SealBoss, we have product solutions for sinking slabs, foundations, seawalls and retaining walls in commercial and residential environments.

Polyurethane resins, foams, and grouts are excellent solutions for stabilizing unstable soil. In this article, we will explore the technical details of using these materials and their benefits.

Polyurethane Resins for Soil Stabilization

Polyurethane resins are synthetic materials that have excellent adhesive properties, making them ideal for stabilizing soil. These resins are injected into the soil in a liquid form, where they expand and harden, filling voids, and stabilizing the soil. Polyurethane resins are typically used to fill voids or stabilize the soil around the foundation, but they can also be used to strengthen slopes and embankments.

One of the significant benefits of using polyurethane resins for soil stabilization is that they are easy to use and can be applied quickly. They are also NSF water contact approved products to prevent harm to the environment. Polyurethane resins can be applied in many conditions, making them a versatile solution for unstable soil stabilization.

Foam Jacking for Soil Stabilization

Foam jacking, also known as polyjacking, is a technique used to stabilize soil by injecting foam into the soil to fill voids and create support to a structure and provide for some lifting, if neccessary . The foam expands and hardens, lifting the soil and filling voids, stabilizing the soil, and correcting many settlement issues.

Foam jacking is an excellent solution for fixing concrete slabs, sidewalks, and driveways that have sunk due to soil instability. The foam jacking process is quick, and there is minimal disruption to the surrounding areas. Foam jacking is also cost-effective compared to other soil stabilization techniques, making it an attractive option for homeowners and contractors.

Permeation Grouting for Soil Stabilization

Permeation grouting is a soil stabilization technique used to strengthen soil by injecting polymer grout into the soil. The grout is injected into the substrate at pressure, filling voids and stabilizing the soil by compaction and adhesion.

Permeation grouting is commonly used to stabilize soil around tunnels, bridges, and buildings. The process is quick, and there is minimal disruption to the surrounding areas. Permeation grouting is also a cost-effective solution for soil stabilization and is an excellent option for large infrastructure projects.

Benefits of Polyurethane Resins, Foams, and Grouts for Soil Stabilization

Polyurethane resins, foams, and grouts are excellent solutions for soil stabilization. Here are some of the benefits of using these materials:

Versatility: Polyurethane resins, foams, and grouts can be used to stabilize different types of soil, including sandy, somewhat clayey, and rocky soils.
Environmentally Safe: Materials are available that have been certified for drinking water contact and are used for projects that require minimal impact on the environment.
Cost-Effective: Polyurethane resins, foams, and grouts are cost-effective solutions for soil stabilization. They require less labor, typically smaller equipment and often less material compared to other techniques, making them ideal for larger and very small infrastructure projects.
Quick Application: These materials can be applied quickly, reducing the amount of downtime and disruption to the surrounding areas.

Polyurethane resins, foams, and grouts have been used in many unstable soil stabilization applications.

Links to Unstable Soil Stabilization Accessories: